Vaginal clindamycin in early pregnancy is not effective in the prevention of preterm birth and peripartum infections in low-risk women with bacterial vaginosis.
Women who engage in or are exposed to multiple risks during pregnancy are at increased risk of delivering a small for gestational age infant.
Second trimester maternal corticotropin-releasing hormone levels are elevated among women who deliver before 35 weeks' gestation, and are lower in blacks than whites.
Polymorphisms within the interleukin-1 gene cluster are associated with severity of preeclampsia but not its occurrence.
Plasma volume expansion in pregnancy can be detected 12 weeks after the last menstrual period but not at 6 weeks.
Pelvic floor education postpartum lowers the frequency of stress incontinence without modifying bladder neck behavior, urodynamic indices, or intravaginal and intra-anal pressures.
Sacrocolpopexy is associated with deteriorating constipation, and transabdominal repair of rectoceles is unsatisfactory.
Routine cystoscopy at hysterectomy is cost-saving if the rate of ureteral injury is above 1.5% for abdominal and 2% for vaginal and laparoscopic cases.
Psammoma bodies on Papanicolaou smears warrant further evaluation, especially in postmenopausal women.
Early and late incisional hernias are two distinct conditions with respect to etiologic factors and clinical relevance in women undergoing surgery for uterine cancer.
Microinvasive cervical adenocarcinoma has an excellent prognosis if adequately treated; in select cases (stage IA1), simple hysterectomy is probably sufficient.
Vaginal hysterectomy as primary treatment for endometrial cancer appears to be a safe alternative to abdominal surgery in obese and medically compromised women.
Vaginal hysterectomy can be done successfully in most cases even when there are traditional relative contraindications.
Primary pelvic non-Hodgkin's lymphoma should be considered in differential diagnoses of gynecologic malignancies.
Comorbid medical conditions can be used to identify gynecologic oncology patients at high risk of postoperative complications and lengthy hospitalization.
Endometrial cancer cells found in the peritoneal cavity usually disappear within a short time and seem to have a low malignant potential.
Prenatal diagnoses of aneuploidy confer additional benefits to women who continue their pregnancies compared with those whose aneuploid infants are diagnosed after birth.
Maternal serum insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and -II correlate positively with birth weight in diabetic pregnancy, with no apparent change in the IGF binding protein-3 affinity.
Early gestational age and short maternal stature can falsely elevate a woman's risk of having a fetus with Down syndrome based on femur length calculations.
Second-stage late decelerations, bradycardia of less than 70 beats per minute, and abnormal patterns during the first stage of labor are independently associated with fetal acidosis.
Genetic and acquired thrombophilias in women with severe pregnancy complications are less common than previously thought, and multiple thrombophilias are not an additional risk factor.
Acute respiratory distress syndrome in pregnancy is a serious complication seen most often in conjunction with infection or preeclampsia.
Women with first births by cesarean delivery are at only moderately increased risk of placental abruption or previa in their second births.
Refined acquisition and interpretation of anal endosonography show a lower incidence of anal sphincter trauma after vaginal delivery than previously reported.
Elevated fasting serum triglyceride levels in midpregnancy were positively associated with newborn weight in nondiabetic women with positive diabetic screen, independent of maternal glucose levels and obesity.
Liquid-based cytology is more cost-effective at decreasing cervical cancer incidence than increasing the present rates of screening to those of Healthy People 2010 goal levels.
Emergency contraceptive pills saved medical care dollars in Canada.
Because female obstetrician-gynecologists are 85% as productive in practice as males, the obstetrician-gynecologist work effort per female population will begin to decline by 2010.
Letters to the Editor: NORMAL ENDOMETRIAL CELLS IN PAPANICOLAOU SMEARS: PREVALENCE IN WOMEN WITH AND WITHOUT ENDOMETRIAL DISEASE Peter K. Zucker, Earl J. Kasdon, C. Gomez-Fernandez, P. Ganjei-Azar, H. Averette, M. Nadji Obstet Gynecol 2001 97: 798-799. [Full Text] [PDF] LOW-DOSE, SHORT-ACTING,ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS AS RESCUE THERAPY IN PREGNANCY Peter G. Pryde, Mason Barr, Jr, Thomas R. Easterling Obstet Gynecol 2001 97: 799-800. [Full Text] [PDF] EARLY MEDICAL ABORTION WITH METHOTREXATE AND MISOPROSTOL E. H. Elahi, Lynn Borgatta Obstet Gynecol 2001 97: 800. [Full Text] [PDF]
Vaginal delivery and intrauterine procedures might be done safely in women with autonomic hyperreflexia in previous pregnancies.
Spontaneous intracranial hypotension, characterized by severe postural headache, can occur in the first trimester.
Excessive caffeine consumption during pregnancy can result in hypokalemia and progressive neuromuscular paralysis.
Vitamin K and fresh frozen plasma are essential in the treatment of pregnant women with deficiencies of vitamin K–dependent factors (II, VII, IX, X).
Despite normal umbilical artery Doppler scans, multiagent chemotherapy for maternal leukemia might cause transient oligohydramnios and decreased fetal growth rate.
Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia and pulmonary arteriovenous malformations can be life-threatening complications for women and fetuses.
Pregnancy can be successful in women with cytochrome oxidase–deficient mitochondrial myopathy.
The infant of a cyclosporine-treated mother does not absorb a detectable amount of drug while being breast-fed exclusively.
Fetal bradycardia in the presence of urosepsis might be due to the release of endotoxin from gram-negative bacteria, triggering production of cardiotoxic cytokines, rather than to maternal hypothermia alone.
Maternal dietary treatment might help delay repeated thoracentesis in fetal chylothorax.
Fetal splenic rupture might occur secondary to intrauterine transfusions used to manage hemolytic disease of the newborn.
Early diagnosis by ultrasound and expectant management might be possible with intramural ectopic pregnancy.
In sex reassignment surgery, bowel perforation can occur after vaginoplasty with a colon conduit owing to total introital stenosis.
After menarche, in a woman with acrocephalosyndactyly, ovarian steroid hormones might increase lymph production and hydrostatic pressure, causing rupture of congenitally dysplastic lymph vessels resulting in chylous ascites.
Concomitant intermittent compression sleeves might increase the risk of compartment syndrome further during prolonged procedures with patients in the lithotomy position.
Uterine leiomyomatosis can involve the ovaries, broad ligament, and pelvic peritoneum.
Uterine sarcoma can be missed during uterine artery embolization for apparent leiomyomata.
Although endometrial ablation is an effective treatment of dysfunctional bleeding, the possibility of occult adenocarcinoma must be considered.
Tocolysis with nifedipine gives better neonatal outcome than beta-agonists.
Dinoprostone vaginal insert and other vaginal or cervical prostaglandins are similarly effective for cervical ripening at term.
The gynecologic side effects of tamoxifen are diverse and reflect the complexity of its mechanism of action, with estrogen agonistic and antagonistic effects depending on the menopausal status of the patient.
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