The ratio for the mRNA gene expression of COL6A1 to COL6A3 in the skin of trisomy 21 fetuses is significantly higher than in normal fetuses.
Fetuses of black origin have on average lower heart rate variation than fetuses of white origin.
Term and preterm labor are associated with increased release of tumor-necrosis-factor-, interleukin-1 and interleukin-6 from macrophages, and endothelial cells within placental villi.
Low ponderal index, a marker of asymmetric growth restriction, is associated with presence and severity of persistent pulmonary hypertension in neonates
Triplet neonates born at 24–34 weeks' gestation have similar outcomes to singleton and twin neonates matched for gestational age, with the only clinically significant difference being an increased risk of retinopathy of prematurity in triplets.
The survival of women under age 45 years with endometrial cancer is similar to that of older women.
High-risk endometrial cancer patients have an excellent prognosis when treated with surgery, including pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy, without radiotherapy.
In cases of cervical cancer, para-aortic lymphadenectomy should include all lymph node groups up to the level of the left renal vein.
Increasing pelvic organ prolapse is associated with increasing urogenital hiatus size; the hiatus is larger after several failed operations than with successful surgery or single failure.
Magnetic resonance imaging and anal manometry are useful tools to study and correlate the anatomy and function of the anal sphincter in women.
Vaginal introital specimens, self-collected by women using only an instruction booklet as a guide, are highly sensitive and specific for the detection of Chlamydia trachomatis infection.
The anion gap is smaller in gravidas with proteinuric hypertension than in those with nonproteinuric hypertension or those with normal blood pressure.
Increased total plasma fibronectin levels in the first trimester are associated with a relative risk of 1.4 to develop a pregnancy-induced hypertensive disorder.
Maternal serum leptin concentrations during pregnancy correlate with prepregnancy fatness but not with birth weight, whereas cord serum concentrations correlate positively with birth weight.
Low unconjugated estriol in the second trimester is associated with fetal growth restriction and low amniotic fluid index.
Intravaginally administered misoprostol is more effective and less expensive than the dinoprostone vaginal insert for cervical ripening and labor induction.
Pelvic muscle exercise by primiparas results in fewer urinary incontinence symptoms during late pregnancy and postpartum.
Pregnant women exposed to parvovirus B19 have a one-in-six risk of infection, but fetal hydrops or fetal death is rare.
Magnesium inhibits adenosine diphosphate–induced platelet activation in a dose-dependent manner.
Data suggest that intraspousal transmission may be an important route of intrafamilial spread of the hepatitis C virus.
Oral 17-estradiol-dydrogesterone lowers plasma fasting total homocysteine concentrations in postmenopausal women.
Florida's no-fault program increases compensation to patients and reduces payments to lawyers and lawsuit expenses but not total payments to patients and all lawyers.
Transrectal ultrasonography may be considered a valid diagnostic tool in the evaluation of deeply infiltrating rectovaginal endometriosis.
The proliferative index of granulosa cells is not helpful in determining follicular health for in vitro fertilization cycles.
Patterns of postmenopausal female hormone use among black women are similar to those documented among white women.
Short-term estrogen replacement therapy does not improve cognitive performance.
A new and highly effective inactivated hepatitis A vaccine is available for administration to high-risk patients.
Published economic analyses in the obstetrics and gynecology literature adhere to fewer than half of the recommended methodologic guidelines.
The Papanicolaou smear, reported in 1928 and validated by 1941, is the most significant discovery of the 20th century in the early detection of cancer.
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