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Obstetrics & Gynecology 2001;98:29-34
© 2001 by The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Uterine Artery Embolization for Leiomyomata

James B. Spies, MD, Susan A. Ascher, MD, Antoinette R. Roth, Joon Kim, MD, Elliot B. Levy, MD and Jackeline Gomez-Jorge, MD

From the Department of Radiology, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC.

Address reprint requests to: James B. Spies, MD, Department of Radiology, 3800 Reservoir Road, NW, CG201, Washington DC 20007-2197; E-mail: spiesj{at}gunet.georgetown.edu

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether uterine artery embolization is safe and effective for treating uterine leiomyomata.

METHODS: We analyzed 200 consecutive patients (61 reported previously) undergoing uterine artery embolization for the treatment of uterine leiomyomata at a single institution. After treatment, follow-up data were obtained by written questionnaire mailed to the patients at intervals of 2 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months after treatment. Follow-up imaging was obtained at 3 months and 12 months after therapy. All complications and subsequent gynecologic interventions were recorded prospectively, obtained using the patient questionnaires and physician contact. The percentages and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated to compare the symptoms at follow-up. Proportional odds models for repeated ordinal responses were used to assess the stability of symptom improvement over time.

RESULTS: The mean follow-up was 21 months (minimum 12). Heavy menstrual bleeding improved in 87% (95% CI 82%, 92%) of patients at 3 months and in 90% (95% CI 86%, 95%) at 1 year after therapy. Bulk symptoms improved in 93% of patients (95% CI 88%, 96%) at 3 months and in 91% (95% CI 86%, 95%) at 1 year after treatment. Only one major periprocedural complication occurred (pulmonary embolus), which resolved with anticoagulant therapy. Subsequent gynecologic interventions occurred in 10.5% of the patients (95% CI 7.0%, 15.0%) during the follow-up period.

CONCLUSION: Uterine artery embolization is safe and controls the symptoms caused by leiomyomata in most patients.




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