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A STORY OF TWO MIRACLES: THE IMPACT OF THE DISCOVERY OF INSULIN ON PREGNANCY IN WOMEN WITH DIABETES MELLITUS

From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio

Before the discovery of insulin in 1921, pregnancies in women with diabetes mellitus were a rarity because most reproductive-age patients died soon after diagnosis of this illness. In the limited number of pregnancies reported in the pre-insulin era, both perinatal and maternal mortality were approximately 50%, with stillbirths being the primary cause of perinatal deaths. Insulin treatment restored the fertility of women with diabetes and was associated with a marked reduction in maternal mortality. Women with more severe disease had the opportunity to become pregnant; however, their pregnancies frequently resulted in neonatal death due to prematurity. Therefore, perinatal mortality was not substantially reduced.

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				T. Cundy, G. Gamble, L. Neale, R. Elder, P. McPherson, P. Henley, and J. Rowan Differing Causes of Pregnancy Loss in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Diabetes Care, October 1, 2007; 30(10): 2603 - 2607. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]