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Growth Potential of Human Uterine Leiomyomas: Some In Vitro Observations and Their Implications

From the Institute of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio; and the Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio; and the Department of Pathology, Rochester General Hospital, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, New York; and the Department of pathology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois

Abstract

Tissue culture techniques commonly applied to the study of human vascular smooth muscle were used to evaluate in vitro survival and proliferation of normal and neoplastic human myometrial cells. Despite their growth advantage in vivo, leiomyoma cells displayed a growth disadvantage in vitro compared with normal myometrium from the same patient. Hormonal supplementation with -estradiol, progesterone, and insulin-stimulated myometrial proliferation, whereas ß-estradiol appeared ineffective at the doses tested. Hormonal supplementation also stimulated leiomyoma proliferation in vitro, but there appeared to be heterogeneity in hormonal responsiveness. Heterogeneity in the host hormonal milieu and in the ability of uterine leiomyomas to respond to various hormones may be important factors contributing to the wide variation in growth potential observed in leiomyomas.

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