Obstetrics & Gynecology Track the topics, authors and articles important to you
HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced]


     

Obstetrics & Gynecology 2004;103:430-439
© 2004 by The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Raymond, E. G.
Right arrow Articles by Luoto, J.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Raymond, E. G.
Right arrow Articles by Luoto, J.
Related Collections
Right arrow Contraception
Right arrow Epidemiology/public health

ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Contraceptive Effectiveness and Safety of Five Nonoxynol-9 Spermicides: A Randomized Trial

Elizabeth G. Raymond, MD, MPH, Pai Lien Chen, PhD and Joanne Luoto, MD for the Spermicide Trial Group*

From Family Health International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina; and the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Rockville, Maryland.

Address reprint requests to: Elizabeth Raymond, MD, MPH, Clinical Research Division, Family Health International, P.O. Box 13950, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709; e-mail: eraymond{at}fhi.org.

OBJECTIVES: To estimate and compare the effectiveness and safety of 5 spermicides over 6 and 7 months of use, respectively. The spermicides included 3 gels containing 52.5 mg, 100 mg, and 150 mg of nonoxynol-9 per dose and a film and a suppository, each containing 100 mg of nonoxynol-9 per dose.

METHODS: Women wishing to use only spermicide for contraception for 7 months were randomly assigned to use 1 of the 5 spermicides with emergency contraception backup. Participants were followed up for up to 30 weeks after admission.

RESULTS: Of 1,536 women enrolled, 868 (57%) either relied on the spermicide for 6 months or became pregnant. The probability of pregnancy during 6 months of typical use of the spermicide was 22% (95% confidence limits 16%, 28%) in the 52.5-mg gel group, 16% (10%, 21%) in the 100-mg gel group, 14% (9%, 19%) in the 150-mg gel group, 12% (7%, 17%) in the film group, and 10% (6%, 15%) in the suppository group. The pregnancy risk in the 52.5-mg gel group was significantly different (P < .05) from that in either of the other gel groups. The pregnancy risks in the three 100-mg product groups were not significantly different (P = .35). No significant differences among groups were found in the 7-month probability of specified urogenital conditions.

CONCLUSION: The gel with the lowest amount of nonoxynol-9 was less effective than the 2 higher-dose gels. Among 3 products containing 100 mg of nonoxynol-9, formulation did not significantly affect pregnancy risk. All products were safe.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: I






HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
Copyright © 2004 by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists.