| Confounding variables |
n |
FB |
FM |
FT |
AFV |
FHR |
|
| Spontaneous labor without oxytocics |
50 |
16.0 |
8.0 |
2.0 |
6.0 |
50.0 |
| Labor with use of oxytocics |
50 |
22.0 |
12.0 |
12.0 |
12.0 |
78.0 |
| P |
|
.611 |
.741 |
.112 |
.487 |
.006* |
| Epidural anesthesia |
31 |
22.6 |
16.1 |
12.9 |
3.2 |
77.4 |
| No anesthesia |
69 |
17.4 |
7.3 |
4.4 |
11.6 |
58.0 |
| P |
|
.587 |
.277 |
.199 |
.267 |
.074 |
| Intact membranes |
42 |
5 |
2 |
2 |
5 |
57 |
| Ruptured membranes |
58 |
29 |
16 |
10 |
12 |
71 |
| P |
|
.002* |
.042* |
.234 |
.296 |
.140 |
| Cervical dilatation 4–6 cm |
84 |
19.1 |
8.3 |
6.0 |
9.5 |
66.7 |
| Cervical dilatation 7–9 cm |
16 |
18.8 |
18.8 |
12.5 |
6.3 |
50.0 |
| P |
|
1.000 |
.198 |
.311 |
1.000 |
.258 |
| Amniotic fluid–meconium |
14 |
29 |
21 |
14 |
0 |
64 |
| Amniotic fluid–clear |
86 |
17 |
8 |
6 |
10 |
64 |
| P |
|
.460 |
.145 |
.253 |
.352 |
1.000 |
|
| FB = fetal breathing movement; FM = fetal movement; FT = fetal tone; AFV = amniotic fluid volume; FHR = fetal heart rate tracing. |
| Data are presented as percent absent (score = 0). |
| *Significant difference. |